In editing, there are a few conventions or techniques that are followed to ensure a film is produced perfectly. I have put some links with each of the conventions. Try and identify the convention.
Continuity
This refers to the cutting
process whereby shots are cut in a sequence where they flow fluently to form a
logical coherence between shots. Continuity editing often focuses on one action
using techniques such as match on action whereby different angles are shown of
the same angle. Also, techniques such as an establishing shot help give the
audience a wide view of the action before focusing on individual subjects.
Continuity is often used during dialogues.
Parallel editing
This type of editing is used to
show two actions simultaneously happening at once. To create this,
cross-cutting is implemented between many shots which are often from different
locations. First introduced by pioneers such as D. W Griffith in his 1911 film
‘The Lonedale Operator’, parallel editing simply portrayed cross-cutting
between two different locations, however, much more digital films such as ‘Fast
and Furious’ use parallel editing to show what different characters are doing
at the same time but in slightly different locations.
Editing rhythm
Editing rhythm is one of the last
post-editing processes done. It includes the pacing of shots, movements within
shots and sound to make the footage more coherent thus having continuity.
Editing rhythm includes changing the speed from slow motion to fast motion to
normal pace, also working with sounds and cutting the action to the beat of the
song. Editing rhythm results in varied shots; some will be long while others
are short abrupt cuts. This contributes to Rhythm to the mood and impression
that the viewer will have regarding the film.
It is a balance of all the footage.
Montage
This is a technique where many
short shots are edited together into a sequence to form one whole footage.
Space, time and information are condensed to fit into a timed sequence and
often the shots are juxtaposed in a fast-paced motion. Montage was invented by
the Soviet film maker Sergei Eisenstein in the 1920s and it was mostly used by
the Soviet Union for propaganda as the fast-paced shots would cause the public
to make quick conclusions.
180 Degree Rule
This rule covers the directions
for the on-screen spatial relationship between a character and another
character in a scene. Using an imaginary 180 degree line, that has two axis
that connects two characters, the camera is situated in the middle of both
characters. Therefore, the rule ensures that the characters look like they are
in the same position and you can see both of them at once. This usually happens
in interrogation scenes.
Crosscutting
Cross-cutting is a technique
where shots are cut to show two different actions simultaneously. You usually
see one scene then it cuts to another different scene and this can be
continuously repeated.
Jump-cutting
Just like cross-cutting,
jump-cutting is a change between two shots, however, the visual information
which is what is shown in the shot doesn’t really change much. It can be from
one side of someone’s head to another. It is often regarded a violation of continuity
editing.
Transitions
This is a post-production
technique used to combine shots together to create one finished product. These
are the following types of transitions:
·
Cut – basically this is when a scene is cut from
one shot to another
·
Dissolves – one scene is progressively mixed
with another scene to create a softer and smoother transition. This can be done
by pixelating a shot into another
·
Fade in/out – While fading in or out from one scene
to another, the action will fade into a black screen and then fade into a new
scene. If its fade in then it starts with a black screen, if its fade out then
it finishes with a black screen. This happens a lot at the beginning or end of
a film.
Cutting to soundtrack
Cutting to the soundtrack is a
technique where the editing is determined by the soundtrack that is played.
Therefore, the action will be edited according to the beats of the song.
No comments:
Post a Comment